DOMDocument::getElementsByTagName

(PHP 5, PHP 7)

DOMDocument::getElementsByTagName — Searches for all elements with given local tag name

说明

public DOMNodeList DOMDocument::getElementsByTagName ( string $name )

This function returns a new instance of class DOMNodeList containing all the elements with a given local tag name.

参数

name

The local name (without namespace) of the tag to match on. The special value * matches all tags.

返回值

A new DOMNodeList object containing all the matched elements.

范例

Example #1 Basic Usage Example

<?php
$xml = <<< XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<books>
 <book>Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture</book>
 <book>Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Software Design</book>
 <book>Clean Code</book>
</books>
XML;

$dom = new DOMDocument;
$dom->loadXML($xml);
$books = $dom->getElementsByTagName('book');
foreach ($books as $book) {
    echo $book->nodeValue, PHP_EOL;
}
?>

以上例程会输出：

Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Software Design
Clean Code

参见

User Contributed Notes

rsvvuuren at hotmail dot com 10-Jan-2014 07:00
I was in need of $dom->getElementsByTagName that would hist magic within a contextNode.

Why i needed getElementsByTagName instead of just simple using an xPath->query is because while looping through the returned nodelist, more nodes with the tagName i was looking for where created.

When using getElementsByTagName, the new nodes are "added" to the nodelist i already am looping through.

When using an xpath query, you wil only loop through the original nodelist, the newly created elements wil not appear in that nodelist.

I was already using an extended class on domDocument, so it was simple to create an kind of getElementsByTagName that would accept an contextNode.

<?php
class SmartDocument extends DOMDocument {
    private $localDom;
    public $xpath;
    private $serialize = array('localDom');
   
    private $elemName;
    private $elemCounter;
   
    /**
     * Constructor
     */
    function __construct() {
        parent::__construct ( '1.0', 'UTF-8' );
        $this->preserveWhiteSpace = false;
        $this->recover = TRUE;
        $this->xpath = new DOMXpath ( $this );
    }
   
    /**
     * GetElementsByTagname within an contextNode
     *
     * @param string $name
     * @param DomNode $contextNode
     * @return DOMNode|NULL
     */
    public function getElementsByTagNameContext($name, $contextNode) {
       
        if($this->elemName!=$name) {
            $this->elemCounter     = 0;
            $this->elemName        =$name;
        }

        $this->elemLength      = $this->xpath->evaluate('count(.//*[name()="'.$this->elemName.'"])', $contextNode);
        while($this->elemCounter < $this->elemLength) {
            $this->elemCounter++;
            $nl = $this->xpath->query('.//*[name()="'.$this->elemName.'"]['.$this->elemCounter.']', $contextNode);
            if($nl->length == 1) {
                return $nl->item(0);
            }   
        }
       
        $this->elemLength      = null;
        $this->elemCounter     = null;
        $this->elemName        = null;       
        return null;
    }
}

?>

Usage:

<?php

 $doc = new SmartDocument();
 $doc->load('book.xml');

 $nl = $doc->query('//books');
 foreach($nl as $node) {
  while($book = $doc->getElementsByTagNameContext('book', $node)) {
   //When you now create new nodes within this loop as child or following-sibling of this node
  // They show up within this loop
  }

 }

?>
simon at onepointltd dot com 10-Sep-2013 04:54
Here is a function to convert the populated tables in and HTML document into an array.

<?php
//Create an array containing all the populated tables in an HTML page
//Returned array: tables_to_array[table number][row number][column number]
function tables_to_array ($url) {
  $htmlDocDom = new DOMDocument();

  @$htmlDocDom->loadHTMLFile($url);
  $htmlDocDom->preserveWhiteSpace = false;
  $tableCounter = 0;
  $htmlDocTableArray = array();
  $htmlDocTables = $htmlDocDom->getElementsByTagName('table');
  foreach ($htmlDocTables as $htmlDocTable) {
    $htmlDocTableArray[$tableCounter] = array();
    $htmlDocRows= $htmlDocTable->getElementsByTagName('tr');
    $htmlDocRowCount = 0;
    $htmlDocTableArray[$tableCounter] = array();
    foreach ($htmlDocRows as $htmlDocRow) {
      if (strlen($htmlDocRow->nodeValue) > 1)
      {
        $htmlDocColCount = 0;
        $htmlDocTableArray[$tableCounter][$htmlDocRowCount] = array();
        $htmlDocCols = $htmlDocRow->getElementsByTagName('td');
        foreach ($htmlDocCols as $htmlDocCol) {
          $htmlDocTableArray[$tableCounter][$htmlDocRowCount][] = $htmlDocCol->nodeValue;
          $htmlDocColCount++;
        }
        $htmlDocRowCount++;
      }
    }
    if ($htmlDocRowCount > 1) $tableCounter++;
  }
  return($htmlDocTableArray);
}
?>
yaakov dot moddel at gmail dot com 29-Aug-2012 07:47
This is a very simplistic way to traverse xml nodes and childnodes using the DOMDocument class

<?php
$xml ='<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<root>
    <Parent>
        <child>child 1</child>
        <child>child 2</child>
        <child>child 3</child>
        <subParent>
            <Grandchild>Grandchild 1</Grandchild>
            <Grandchild>Grandchild 2</Grandchild>
            <Grandchild>Grandchild 3</Grandchild>
        </subParent>
    </Parent>
    <Parent>
        <child>child 4</child>
        <child>child 5</child>
        <child>child 6</child>
        <subParent>
            <Grandchild>Grandchild 4</Grandchild>
            <Grandchild>Grandchild 5</Grandchild>
            <Grandchild>Grandchild 6</Grandchild>
        </subParent>
    </Parent>
</root>';
      $doc = new DOMDocument();
      $doc->preserveWhiteSpace = false;
      $doc->loadXML($xml);
      $i=0;
            while(is_object($finance = $doc->getElementsByTagName("Parent")->item($i)))
            {
                     foreach($finance->childNodes as $nodename)
                     {
                             if($nodename->nodeName=='subParent')
                                {
                                     foreach($nodename->childNodes as $subNodes)
                                     {
                                     echo $subNodes->nodeName." - ".$subNodes->nodeValue."<br>";
                                     }
                                }
                             else
                                {
                                echo $nodename->nodeName." - ".$nodename->nodeValue."<br>";
                                }
                     }
      $i++;
            }
?>
metron at underhive-planet dot com 08-Oct-2010 02:28
My first try to get a stable solution with this function, failed with this Exception:

"Fatal error: Call to undefined method DOMNodeList::getElementsByTagName()"
This is the xml snipplet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<root>
 <component>
  <properties>
    ....<any element>
  </properties>
 </component>
</root>

So the php code to climb along the elements is:
<?php

$src = new DOMDocument('1.0', 'utf-8');
$src->formatOutput = true;
$src->preserveWhiteSpace = false;

//Loading extern file
$src->load('../xml/Item_component.xml');

//Check each child of first indexed branch node of: <component>
//First get element after root element: <component>

//1st level
$component = $src->getElementsByTagName('component')->item(0);

//2nd level, get next element after component, here it fails!!
$properties = $component->getElementsByTagName('properties')->item(0);
...
?>

I realised, that there is a different when using different libxml2 versions on Apache2. This code will fail with libxml2 version 2.6.23 and PHP version 5.2.6
--
->It works fine with libxml2 version 2.6.32 and PHP version 5.2.6-3ubuntu4.6
->...and finally it also works with libxml2 2.7.7 and PHP >= 5.3

So if you bored to search for solutions with DOM like I did, please ensure that your www environment has the correct libxml2 / PHP Version installed on your apache2 server.
calvin at g mail 03-Oct-2010 01:41
My first post!
And this is how I get elements by attribute and its value.
For an example, if I want to grab all DIV tags with class name 'className', then...

<?php
$some_link = 'some website';
$tagName = 'div';
$attrName = 'class';
$attrValue = 'className';

$dom = new DOMDocument;
$dom->preserveWhiteSpace = false;
@$dom->loadHTMLFile($some_link);

$html = getTags( $dom, $tagName, $attrName, $attrValue );
echo $html;

function getTags( $dom, $tagName, $attrName, $attrValue ){
    $html = '';
    $domxpath = new DOMXPath($dom);
    $newDom = new DOMDocument;
    $newDom->formatOutput = true;

    $filtered = $domxpath->query("//$tagName" . '[@' . $attrName . "='$attrValue']");
    // $filtered =  $domxpath->query('//div[@class="className"]');
    // '//' when you don't know 'absolute' path

    // since above returns DomNodeList Object
    // I use following routine to convert it to string(html); copied it from someone's post in this site. Thank you.
    $i = 0;
    while( $myItem = $filtered->item($i++) ){
        $node = $newDom->importNode( $myItem, true );    // import node
        $newDom->appendChild($node);                    // append node
    }
    $html = $newDom->saveHTML();
    return $html;
}

?>

Please, improve it, and share it.
Philip N 01-Sep-2010 12:17
Note that when using getElementsByTagName that it is a dynamic list. Thus if you have code which adjusts the DOM structure it will change the results of the getElementsByTagName results list.

The following code iterates through a complete set of results and changes them all to a new tag:

<?php
 $nodes = $xml->getElementsByTagName ("oldtag");

 $nodeListLength = $nodes->length; // this value will also change
 for ($i = 0; $i < $nodeListLength; $i ++)
 {
    $node = $nodes->item(0);

    // some code to change the tag name from "oldtag" to something else
    // e.g. encrypting a tag element
 }
?>

Since the list is dynamically updating, $nodes->item(0) is the next "unchanged" tag.
Marco Maranao 28-Apr-2010 07:22
The following takes a list of news items from an XML file (or an RSS feed), assigning it to an array first for a name value pair and then generating an HTML list.

<?php

$xml  =<<<EOT
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<news>
    <item>
        <title>News 1</title>
        <created>04/2/2010 08:00 EST</created>
        <url>http://news.example.com/news.pdf</url>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title>News 2</title>
        <created>04/25/2010 08:00 EST</created>
        <url>http://news.example.com/news.pdf</url>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title>News 3</title>
        <created>04/27/2010 08:00 EST</created>
        <url>http://news.example.com/news.pdf</url>
    </item>
</news>
EOT;

$doc = new DOMDocument();

if ($doc->loadXML($xml)) {
    $items = $doc->getElementsByTagName('item');
    $headlines = array();
   
    foreach($items as $item) {
        $headline = array();
       
        if($item->childNodes->length) {
            foreach($item->childNodes as $i) {
                $headline[$i->nodeName] = $i->nodeValue;
            }
        }
       
        $headlines[] = $headline;
    }
   
    if(!empty($headlines)) {
        $hc = 0;
       
        echo '<ul>';
       
        foreach($headlines as $headline) {
            if(++$hc <= 3) {
                echo '<li>'
                    .'<a href="'.$headline['url'].'" target="_blank">'
                        .'<span>'.date('F j, Y', strtotime($headline['created'])).'</span><br />'
                        .$headline['title']
                    .'</a>'
                .'</li>';
            }
        }
       
        echo '</ul>';
    }
}

?>
james 02-Feb-2010 04:03
Problem:
You have an XML document that contains filename references to, say, images. Each filename reference is defined by <file>filename.ext</file> tag. You'd like to perform perform additional validation, say, after running the XML document through XSD validation. The additional validation can be any of your choice, in this example, it would be ideal to convert the PHP code to a function. The function would then determine if the images exist and return either an integer value or a boolean.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<root>
<box>
<file>example.png</file>
</box>
<content>
<item>
<image><file>example2.png</file></image>
<caption>The above image is an example</caption>
</item>
</content>
</root>

Solution:
<?php

$dom = new DomDocument();
$dom->prevservWhiteSpace = false;

if (!@$dom->load("example.xml")) {
    echo "example.xml doesn't exist!\n";
    return;
}

$imageList = $dom->getElementsByTagName('file');
$imageCnt  = $imageList->length;

for ($idx = 0; $idx < $imageCnt; $idx++) {
    print $imageList->item($idx)->nodeValue . "\n";
}

?>

The above PHP code could easily be turned into a function that returns an array of image filenames, an integer value relative to the number of images found, etc.

Hope this is helpful.
gurmukh24 at gmail dot com 03-Mar-2009 01:06
Following Example is of multiple attributes and multiple child nodes. this is being used to make joomla plugin for bulk upload of articles. Gurmukh Singh Bhatti

<?php
$xml =<<<EOT
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<root>
<section name="Section1">
  <category id="Category1" name="google">
   <arti name="article1">
   <p>any html code here</p>
   <b>my name is so so</b>
    </arti>
   <arti name="article2">value2</arti>
   <arti name="article3">value3</arti>
   <arti name="article4">value4</arti>
  </category>
    <category id="Category2" name="yahoo">
   <arti name="articleSection2">Test value</arti>
  </category>
</section>
<section name="Section2">
  <category id="category1_of_section2" name="msn">
   <arti name="article2">value1</arti>
   <arti name="article3">value2</arti>
  </category>
    <category id="Category2_of_section2" name="webcare">
    <arti name="param3">value4</arti>
   </category>
</section>
</root>
EOT;

$dom = new DomDocument;
$dom->preserveWhiteSpace = FALSE;
$dom->loadXML($xml);
$params = $dom->getElementsByTagName('section'); // Find Sections
$k=0;
foreach ($params as $param) //go to each section 1 by 1
{
         echo "Section Attribute :-> ".$params->item($k)->getAttribute('name')."<br>";   //get section attribute           
         $params2 = $params->item($k)->getElementsByTagName('category'); //digg categories with in Section
      $i=0; // values is used to iterate categories 
        foreach ($params2 as $p) {
           echo "&nbsp;&nbsp;- Category Attribute Name :-> ".$params2->item($i)->getAttribute('name')."<br>"; //get Category attributes
            $params3 = $params2->item($i)->getElementsByTagName('arti'); //dig Arti into Categories
                 $j=0;//values used to interate Arti
                     foreach ($params3 as $p2)
                   {
                    echo "&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;- Article Attribute Name : ".$params3->item($j)->getAttribute('name').""; //get arti atributes
echo "&nbsp;&nbsp; Value : ".$params3->item($j)->nodeValue."<br>"; //get Node value ;
                              $j++;  
                   }             
         $i++;
      }
$k++;   
         
}
?>

output :
 Section Attribute :-> Section1
  - Category Attribute Name :-> google
            - Article Attribute Name : article1   Value : any html code heremy name is so so
            - Article Attribute Name : article2   Value : value2
            - Article Attribute Name : article3   Value : value3
            - Article Attribute Name : article4   Value : value4
  - Category Attribute Name :-> yahoo
            - Article Attribute Name : articleSection2   Value : Test value
Section Attribute :-> Section2
  - Category Attribute Name :-> msn
            - Article Attribute Name : article2   Value : value1
            - Article Attribute Name : article3   Value : value2
  - Category Attribute Name :-> webcare
            - Article Attribute Name : param3   Value : value4
James L 19-Aug-2008 01:04
Return if there are no matches is an empty DOMNodeList. Check using length property, e.g.:

<?php
$nodes=$domDocument->getElementsByTagName('book') ;
if ($nodes->length==0) {
   // no results
}
?>
jason at shaped dot ca 11-Feb-2008 01:59
in response to tildy at pr dot hu

my preferred way is (in example to gather country data from an iso 3166 xml flie)

$countries = new DOMDocument();
$countries->load("./lib/iso_3166.xml");

$countriesList = $countries->getElementsByTagName("ISO_3166-1_Entry");

foreach($countriesList as $country) {
    $values = $country->getElementsByTagName("*");
    foreach($values as $node) {
      echo $node->nodeName."=".$node->nodeValue;
    }
}
Finding values of a node 14-Mar-2007 11:01
I don't know if this is that obvious but it was not for me, so in addition to gem at rellim dot com's posting:
adding

<?php
echo $param -> nodeValue.'<br>';
?>

to the loop will output
value1
value2
value3
gem at rellim dot com 30-Sep-2004 01:20
Here is an example of getElementsByTagName():

<?php
$xml =<<<EOT
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config>
  <section id="section1">
   <param name="param1">value1</param>
   <param name="param2">value2</param>
  </section>
  <section id="section2">
   <param name="param3">value3</param>
  </section>
</config>
EOT;

$dom = new DomDocument;
$dom->preserveWhiteSpace = FALSE;
$dom->loadXML($xml);
$params = $dom->getElementsByTagName('param');

foreach ($params as $param) {
       echo $param -> getAttribute('name').'<br>';
}
?>

Expected result:
--------------
param1
param2
param3